IRS Penalty and Interest Calculator

Estimate the cost of filing or paying an individual federal income tax return late. The result is an estimate, and actual IRS charges can differ.

Penalty and interest estimator

Estimate your late filing and late payment penalties and interest

For an individual Form 1040 return.

1. The original due date of the return, without any extension

If you got an extension to file: the extended due date (optional)

2. The date you filed (leave blank if not filed yet)

3. Tax you owed on the due date, after withholding, estimated payments and credits

4. The date you paid the tax in full (leave blank if not paid yet)

The interest estimate assumes penalties and interest were also paid in full on this date.

View IRS interest rates

Annual individual underpayment rates, compounded daily. Rates change by quarter; later rates must be added when the IRS publishes them. Sources: IRS historical rate table and IRS quarterly interest rates.

Individual underpayment interest rates by year and calendar quarter
Year	Jan–Mar	Apr–Jun	Jul–Sep	Oct–Dec
2026	7%	6%	7%	7%
2025	7%	7%	7%	7%
2024	8%	8%	8%	8%
2023	7%	7%	7%	8%
2022	3%	4%	5%	6%
2021	3%	3%	3%	3%
2020	5%	5%	3%	3%
2019	6%	6%	5%	5%
2018	4%	5%	5%	5%
2017	4%	4%	4%	4%
2016	3%	4%	4%	4%
2015	3%	3%	3%	3%
2014	3%	3%	3%	3%
2013	3%	3%	3%	3%
2012	3%	3%	3%	3%
2011	3%	4%	4%	3%
2010	4%	4%	4%	4%

Estimate only. It assumes the amount you owed stayed the same until paid in full, and your IRS notice controls. It does not determine eligibility for penalty relief, including relief during an extension when enough tax was paid on time. Relief may lower or remove these amounts. Terms and disclaimer

How the estimate works

For an individual Form 1040 return, the failure to file penalty generally is 5% of unpaid tax per month or partial month, up to 25%. The failure to pay penalty is generally 0.5% per month or partial month, up to 25%. When both apply for the same month, the filing penalty is reduced by the payment penalty for that month. A minimum filing penalty may apply when a return is more than 60 days late.

An approved payment plan can reduce the payment penalty for a timely filed individual return. A notice of intent to levy can increase it. Relief may be available depending on your circumstances.

Interest on unpaid tax generally starts on the original due date, even with an extension. Interest on a failure to file penalty starts on the filing due date, including extensions. The IRS sets interest rates quarterly and compounds interest daily. This calculator uses published individual underpayment rates for 2010 through 2026. It does not estimate interest on the failure to pay penalty, which generally begins with notice and demand and may be affected by payment deadlines.

IRS sources

Penalty rules and rate table checked October 29, 2026. Rates must be updated when the IRS publishes additional quarters.